AI Set To Consume Electricity Equivalent To 22% of US Homes By 2028

New analysis by MIT Technology Review reveals AI’s rapidly growing energy demands, with data centers expected to triple their share of US electricity consumption from 4.4% to 12% by 2028. AI alone could soon consume electricity equivalent to 22% of all US households annually, driven primarily by inference operations that represent 80-90% of AI’s computing power.

The carbon intensity of electricity used by data centers is 48% higher than the US average, researchers found, as facilities increasingly turn to dirtier energy sources like natural gas to meet immediate needs.

Tech giants are racing to secure unprecedented energy resources: OpenAI and President Trump announced a $500 billion Stargate initiative, Apple plans to spend $500 billion on manufacturing and data centers, and Google expects to invest $75 billion in AI infrastructure in 2025 alone. Despite their massive energy ambitions, leading AI companies remain largely silent about their per-query energy consumption, leaving researchers struggling to assemble what one expert called “a total black box.”